Monitoring wholesale markets

Monitoring wholesale gas and electricity market performance is an important element in building knowledge and trust in Australia’s energy system.

Our analysis, insights and reporting enable policymakers, market participants and the community to understand the key drivers behind the prices and trends in the markets and make informed decisions about the opportunities and challenges ahead.

October 2025 news alert

We are moving to annual wholesale markets performance reporting. 

Earlier this year, Energy Ministers and market bodies explored options to reduce duplication in market reporting. Following these discussions, we have made some changes to our wholesale market performance reporting. 

We will continue to provide quarterly updates to our suite of industry data files for public access and use, but will no longer be publishing the wholesale markets quarterly report analysing trends in the wholesale gas and electricity markets. Instead, we will produce separate annual reports on the performance of the wholesale gas and electricity markets. 

We are required by law to publish and report on the performance of the wholesale markets at least every 2 years. Moving to annual reporting will enable us to provide more timely insights and greater transparency into competition and efficiency in these markets. A detailed annual wholesale gas market report will be published for the first time in 2026. 

Reporting

Our regular reporting includes:

  • An annual wholesale electricity market performance report
  • An annual wholesale gas market performance report
  • High price event reports for when electricity prices spike above $5,000 per megawatt hour
  • Significant price variation reports in the Victorian gas market, the Short Term Trading Market (Adelaide, Sydney and Brisbane), and the Wallumbilla and Moomba gas supply hubs.
  • Quarterly updates to our suite of industry data files

 View all reports     Go to industry data files

Enhanced market monitoring and reporting functions

The National Electricity Law and the National Gas Law requires us to monitor the wholesale electricity and gas markets and their associated contract markets. 

We report on their performance as part of our enhanced wholesale market monitoring and reporting function. In general, we are required to identify and analyse whether: 

  • there is effective competition in the wholesale markets,
  • there are features of the markets that may be detrimental to effective competition,
  • there are features of the markets that may be detrimental to market efficiency and the achievement of the National Electricity Objective or National Gas Objective.

The overarching purpose of these functions is to promote effective market competition and efficient market functioning of wholesale electricity and gas spot and contract markets. 

Through regular monitoring and reporting of how those markets operate and interact, we will improve market transparency, provide well-informed advice and analysis, and enable deeper insights into retail markets and drivers underpinning prices ultimately paid by consumers. 

Enhanced Market Monitoring and Reporting Guideline

This Guideline outlines the AER’s wholesale market monitoring functions, our approach to assessment and reporting, and the collection and use of information. 

We will use our improved market understanding and insights to expand and enhance our existing monitoring and reporting activities, providing timely and transparent information to market participants, policy makers and consumers throughout and beyond the energy transition. 
 

Information collection instruments

In undertaking our wholesale market monitoring and reporting function, the AER may collect information using Market Monitoring Information Orders and Market Monitoring Information Notices where we believe it is reasonably necessary to obtain information that will help us perform our market monitoring functions effectively. We may also use our general information gathering powers.

Accurate, effective and meaningful assessments of the performance of wholesale markets requires the regular collection of information from persons who hold information relevant to our functions.

Search our performance reports

Significant price variation report Sydney STTM - June and August 2025

We've investigated two events where there were market operator service payments greater than $250,000 in the Sydney Short Term Trading Market.
Type
Performance reports
Sector
Gas

Prices above $5,000/MWh - April to June 2025

The wholesale 30-minute energy prices exceeded $5,000 per MWh 66 times. Prices in two consecutive 30-minute FCAS exceeded $5,000 per MW 10 times.
Type
Performance reports
Sector
Electricity

State of the energy market 2025

State of the energy market 2025 reviews the past year in Australia’s electricity and gas markets, highlighting key trends, prices and changes.
Type
Performance reports
Sector
Electricity
Gas